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International Trade Glossary
Découvrez notre dictionnaire complet des termes du commerce international. Plus de 150 définitions d'experts couvrant la douane, le transport, la logistique, les incoterms, la TVA et bien plus encore.
Control & compliance
- AEO
AEO: A Mark of Customs Trust for Businesses.
- CDU / UCC
Unified EU Customs Regulation.
- Control of cultural goods
Customs regulation of artworks and antiques.
- Dual-use
Civil goods with military potential, regulated for security.
- Economic sanctions
Trade restrictions to influence international policies.
- Embargo
Trade embargo imposed on a country, hindering exchanges and transactions.
- Export controls
Customs checks for goods exported under license.
- Export licence
Essential permit for exporting regulated goods.
- Sensitive goods
Food under strict customs surveillance.
Customs value
- CIF / FOB price
Understanding CIF and FOB Pricing to Optimize Your Imports.
- De minimis
Customs exemption threshold for small imports.
- Royalties & licence fees
Additional costs for import duties.
- Transaction value
Assess customs duties based on the price paid for the goods.
- Value adjustments
Optimize the customs value with precise adjustments.
Digitalisation / customs tools
- DELTA G / DELTA X
Fast electronic customs clearance with DELTA G/X.
- GUDE (European Declaration Single Window)
Simplify your customs declarations with the GUDE, your European single window.
- ICS2
ICS2: Optimize your EU imports with this advanced control system.
- Shared Data Environment
Customs collaboration via a secure information network.
- SOPRANO
SOPRANO: Simplify your customs procedures with this French licensing platform.
Documents and procedures
- Bordereau de livraison
Detailed list of delivered items, essential for logistics tracking.
- Centralised Clearance
Simplify your customs formalities remotely with centralized clearance.
- Certificate of Analysis
Proof of product composition, required by customs.
- Commercial invoice
Key document for assessing the customs value of goods.
- Customs broker
Customs expert, facilitates formalities for others.
- Customs declaration
Essential formality for declaring goods to customs.
- DAU (Document Administratif Unique)
SAD: Simplify your customs formalities in Europe.
- Document de transport (CMR, B/L, AWB)
Essential for shipping: CMR, B/L, AWB, each mode has its key document.
- ENS
ENS: Advance declaration to secure importation.
- EXS
EXS: declaration before leaving the EU, essential for customs security.
- Importer of Record
Legal representative for imports and customs compliance.
- Liste de colisage
Essential document for detailing the contents of international shipments.
- Local Clearance Procedure
Simplified customs declaration from your company.
- Proforma invoice
Simulated customs document for quotes and declarations.
- Summary declaration
Customs formalities to anticipate the transit of goods.
Incoterms
- CIF
CIF: seller covers freight and insurance to the port of arrival.
- DAP
DAP: Delivery at Place, unloading at buyer's responsibility.
- DDP
DDP: the seller covers all costs up to final delivery.
- EXW
EXW: Buyer manages transport from the seller's premises.
- FCA
FCA: Delivery to the carrier designated by the buyer.
- FOB
FOB: seller delivers on board, port of shipment included.
- Incoterms (general)
Incoterms: ICC standards for logistics costs and risks.
- Incoterms 2020 vs 2010
Comparison of Incoterms 2010 and 2020: new features and impacts.
- Incoterms CFR
CFR: seller covers sea freight to the port of arrival.
- Incoterms CIP
CIP: seller covers freight and insurance up to the agreed location.
- Incoterms CPT
CPT: Carriage Paid To, insurance not included.
Numbers and identifiers
- Approved Exporter Number
Unique code for certified exporters, simplifies customs formalities.
- EORI
Unique identifier for businesses operating in the EU.
- IOSS
Simplify VAT on imports < €150 with IOSS.
- MRN
Unique identifier to track customs declarations.
- OSS
Simplify EU VAT declaration with the OSS one-stop shop.
- REX
REX: Facilitates the preferential origin of exports.
- SIRET
Unique number to identify each establishment in France.
Origin & tariff preferences
- ATR
Facilitate EU-Turkey trade with a customs certificate.
- Bilateral agreements
Trade agreements between two nations to facilitate exchanges.
- EUR.1 / EUR-MED
Certificate of Origin for Pan-European Trade.
- Form A
GSP Certificate: preferential origin for developing countries.
- Free Trade Agreements
Facilitate trade by reducing customs barriers.
- FTA
Agreement facilitating international trade without tariff barriers.
- Non-preferential origin
Determine the marking and commercial measures of the products.
- PEM (Pan-Euro-Med)
Facilitates trade between Europe, the Mediterranean, and partner countries.
- Preferential origin
Benefit from reduced rates thanks to preferential origin.
- SPG / GSP
Customs Benefits to Boost Emerging Economies.
Payment & international finance
Special customs regimes
- ATA carnet
Facilitates temporary import/export without taxes.
- Carnet CPD
Document for temporarily importing a private vehicle.
- Customs warehouse
Secure bonded storage, without immediate duties.
- Free Trade Zone (FTZ)
Duty-free zone for storing goods.
- Inward processing
Duty-free import for processing and re-export.
- Outward processing
Transformation outside the EU, facilitated re-importation.
- Retours
Customs Reinstatement of Exported Goods.
- Temporary admission
Temporary entry of goods without taxes, under strict conditions.
- Temporary export
Temporary export for exhibition or repair.
- TIR carnet
Facilitates secure international road transit.
- Transit
Secure transport between customs, under control until destination.
Tariff classification / TARIC
- Classement tarifaire
Customs code for each imported/exported product.
- Code TARIC
10-digit EU customs identifier for trade exchanges.
- Combined Nomenclature (CN)
EU product classification in 8 digits for trade.
- Contingent tarifaire
Customs quota: imports at reduced or zero tariff.
- Droit antidumping
Tax to counter cut-price imports.
- General Rules for the Interpretation (GRI)
Essential Guide to Classifying Goods in the Harmonized System.
- HS (Harmonized System)
Global commodity coding in 6 digits.
- HS code
6-digit customs identifier for classifying goods.
- Note explicative du SH
Essential Guide to Understanding the Harmonized System.
- Renseignement Tarifaire Contraignant (RTC)
Official tariff classification to secure your imports.
- Specific Classification Rules
Guidelines for classifying specific customs products.
Transport & logistics
- Chargeable weight
Chargeable weight: key to calculating air freight charges.
- Demurrage
Cost for container parked too long at the port.
- Detention
Cost for container held too long outside terminal.
- FCL
FCL: full container load for a single shipper, optimized for transport.
- Free time
Free time before maritime parking fees.
- LCL
LCL: shared sea freight, ideal for small shipments.
VAT & taxation
- Anti-dumping duties
Taxes to counter dumping and protect the local industry.
- EU VAT identification number
Unique tax identifier for intra-EU transactions.
- Export exemption
VAT-free exports for sales outside the EU.
- Import VAT
Value-added tax applied to goods imported into the EU.
- Reverse charge VAT
Manage import VAT directly on your tax return.